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KMID : 0545120180280122121
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Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
2018 Volume.28 No. 12 p.2121 ~ p.2132
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The inhibition of melanogenesis via the PKA and ERK signaling pathways by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii extract in B16F10 melanoma cells and artificial human skin equivalents
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Lee A-Yeong
Kim Ji-Yea
Heo Jin-A
Cho Dae-Hyun
Kim Hee-Sik
An In-Sook
An Sung-Kwan
Bae Seung-Hee
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Abstract
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Abnormal melanin synthesis results in several hyperpigmentary disorders such as freckles, melanoderma, age spots, and other hyperpigmentation syndromes. In this study, we investigated the anti-melanogenic effects of an extract from the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CE) and potential mechanisms responsible for its inhibitory effect in B16F10, normal human epidermal melanocyte cells, and human skin-equivalent models. The CE extract showed significant dose-dependent inhibitory effects on α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanin synthesis in cells. Additionally, the CE extract exhibited suppressive effects on the mRNA and protein expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1, and tyrosinase-related protein-2. The CE extract also inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase A and extracellular signal-related kinase, which function as upstream regulators of melanogenesis. Using a three-dimensional reconstructed pigmented epidermis model, the CE-mediated anti-pigmentation effects were confirmed by Fontana-Masson staining and melanin content assays. Taken together, CE extract can be used as an anti-pigmentation agent.
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KEYWORD
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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, anti-pigmentation, cell culture, human skin equivalents, melanin
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